Effects of Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty of Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis in High-Risk Patients.

One or more severe atherosclerotic renal artery stenoses defined as a stenosis ≥70% by catheter-based angiography.

Resistant hypertension with average 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure ≥150 mmHg despite ≥3 antihypertensive drugs including a diuretic, if tolerated, and each prescribed at optimal doses.

Rapidly declining kidney function with a reduction in estimated GFR of >5 mL/min per 1.73m2 per year and average 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg despite ≥3 antihypertensive drugs including a diuretic, if tolerated, and each prescribed at optimal doses.

Hospital admissions with acute decompensated heart failure (≥2 hospitalizations for heart failure or ≥1 hospitalizations for sudden, "flash" pulmonary edema) with no obvious explanations such as nonadherence, left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, or valvular heart disease and average 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg despite ≥3 antihypertensive drugs including a diuretic, if tolerated, and each prescribed at optimal doses.