About this trial
The aim of this study was to detect and compare the effects of Virtual Reality and Helfer Skin Tap methods on pain, fear, anxiety, and satisfaction during the administration of Tetanus-Diphtheria vaccine to school-aged children. This study was an experimental randomized controlled trial. The sample was included 138 children in a family health centers aged 13 years who underwent Tetanus-Diphtheria vaccine. The participants were randomly assigned to Virtual Reality, Helfer Skin Tap, and control groups. Each group included 46 children, of whom 23 were female and 23 were male. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Children's Fear Scale and Visual Analog Scale were used to collect the data.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
13 years
being conscious (with the ability to communicate)
Disqualifiers
having a physical and psychological condition
taking any analgesics, sedatives, or anticonvulsants in the past 24 hours
having chronic or life-threatening disease
refusing the virtual reality or helfer skin tap technique intervention during vaccine injection.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Virtual Reality Group
- Helfer Skin Tap Group