The goal of this observational study is to learn if the spontaneous sedation regimen of dexmedetomidine-ketamine (KETADEX) has the comparable efficacy and safety in pediatric cardiac catheterization versus the traditional regimen. The main question it aims to answer is:
Is the combined Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine spontaneous sedation regimen (KETADEX) non-inferior to the traditional general anesthesia regimen in terms of efficacy and safety?
Participants would received either KETADEX regimen or general anesthesia regimen. Research members then observe the catheterization procedure and answer the questionnaire about their efficacy and safety.
Patients under 18 years of age.
Patients indicated for diagnostic or interventional cardiac catheterization.
Patients with acute respiratory infections, chromosomal abnormalities, metabolic disorders, or other co-existing medical conditions.
Arrhythmias, second- or third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block; patients on mechanical ventilation or requiring vasopressors prior to the procedure.
Known history of allergy or hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine, ketamine, propofol, midazolam, or sevoflurane.