Electroacupuncture may improve cognitive function and altered consciousness, but its effect on postoperative delirium in older arthroplasty patients remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture in preventing postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing total knee arthroplasty.
Aged 65-90 years
American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class II or III
Scheduled for elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia
Baseline dementia or Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score below 24
Implanted electrical devices (eg, pacemakers, brain or spinal cord neurostimulator)
Infection or abscess at any selected acupuncture point
Severe hematopoietic or hemorrhagic disease