This study looks at memory problems after surgery in people with liver disease. We want to know how often these problems happen and what might cause them. The main question it aims to answer is:
1. Do people with liver disease have more memory problems after stomach surgery than people without liver disease? If yes, how much more often? 2. Are changes in stomach bacteria and body chemicals related to these memory problems?
Who can join:
* Adults getting stomach surgery * Both people with and without liver disease
What participants will do:
* Take memory tests before and after surgery * Give stool (poop) and blood samples before and after surgery
Why this matters:
Memory problems after surgery can make recovery harder. If we find that stomach bacteria or body chemicals are involved, doctors might find new ways to prevent these problems in people with liver disease.
Age: 18-80 years
Patients with or without liver cirrhosis scheduled for upper abdominal surgery due to various clinical indications
Ability to comply with the study protocol and provide informed consent
Comorbid severe cardiac, pulmonary, or renal diseases
Psychiatric disorders
Inability to communicate clearly
Any condition preventing effective communication or cooperation