This is a multi-center, retrospective study evaluating the performance of an artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiography (AI-ECG) algorithm in detecting reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≤ 40%). All included patients from participating hospitals must have undergone a digital 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and an echocardiogram with assessment of LVEF within seven days. The AI-ECG algorithm will be applied to evaluate its diagnostic performance, which will be further assessed across subgroups stratified by demographic characteristics and clinical factors.
patients with ECGs and an echocardiogram within 7 days
Missing ECG signals
Missing LVEF assessment in echocardiograms