The objective of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility and performance of real-time CGM for titrating CII via: (1) evaluation of CGM glucose accuracy in oncology and post-transplant population receiving IV insulin therapy, and (2) assessing both nursing acceptance/convenience and patient satisfaction with CGM use. A randomized prospective trial model will be used comparing glucose control (glucometrics hypoglycemia), patient experience and nursing satisfaction in cancer patients receiving IV insulin therapy where monitoring is done via: a) hybrid protocol originally developed by Faulds et al. integrating CGM with periodic POC-BG tests to monitor and ensure the ongoing accuracy of CGM measurements (available at http://www.covidindiabetes.org). b) standard care with hourly POC testing and blinded professional CGM.Inclusion criteria: Eligible patients include oncology and post-transplant patients receiving IV insulin therapy while on corticosteroid treatment and receiving specialized nutrition. Exclusion criteria: medically instable patients receiving pressor therapy and ICU level of care. Outcome evaluation; Patients' characteristics were collected through the EHR. Glucometrics will be collected throughout the study to include mean BS, % in range ( 80-180) , patient day hypoglycemia , patient stay hypoglycemia . Nursing surveys: Survey will be provided for nurses to assess nursing burden, acceptability. Nurses will complete a survey before starting the project and again after being involved in the initial and ongoing validation phases of CGM at the end of the project. The purpose is to report their convenience with using CGM and their preferred glucose monitoring method, which included POC arterial blood, POC finger sticks, and CGM. Nursing surveys will be administrated electronically to nursing staff and the results will be uploaded automatically. Patient survey: Patients will be approached by the team members to inquire about the willingness to provide feedback. The questionnaire will assess their experiences of care with CGM (options: very good, good, fair, poor), glucose check without pain and disruptions of sleep (yes/no), and overall confidence of care with CGM process (very confident, quite confident, somewhat confident, little confident). Patient surveys will handed out by the team members, and the results were subsequently entered into database (See both nursing and patient surveys in Supplementary Material.)
Age >19 years old
Patients with diabetes or stress induced hyperglycemia requiring continuous insulin infusion therapy, with anticipated duration of this therapy being > 24 hours. Specifically, we will include
Patients with Type 2 diabetes; or if not previously diagnosed as having diabetes, HbA1c >7.0% (laboratory-measured at or since hospital admission or within prior 3-months).
Type 1 diabetes, as well as atypical forms of diabetes (including pancreatectomy and pancreatitis) and
Inability to provide written consent
Medically unstable patients receiving pressor therapy and ICU level of care.
Patients transferred from ICU with an expected requirement for CII > 24 hours on a non-ICU floor are eligible)
For women of childbearing potential: currently pregnant or breastfeeding