About this trial
The purpose of this study is to investigate the immediate effects of a mental practice technique, called Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion, Perspective (PETTLEP)-based Action Observation and Motor Imagery (AOMI), on arm movement in stroke survivors. Stroke often causes difficulty in moving the arm smoothly, leading patients to compensate by using their back or shoulder. In this study, participants will either receive a single session of the AOMI training (watching and mentally practicing a reach-to-grasp movement) or a control relaxation task. The researchers will use a smartphone-based motion capture system (OpenCap) to measure if the mental practice immediately improves the smoothness of the arm movement and reduces compensatory body movements.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Female and male adults aged 40 to 80 years with a diagnosis of unilateral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
Residual voluntary movement activity of the affected upper limb.
Mild to moderate spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale ≤ 3).
Adequate cognitive function to understand and follow verbal instructions (Mini-Mental State Examination ≥ 21).
Disqualifiers
Other central nervous system disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury).
Musculoskeletal or orthopedic conditions causing restriction of movement in the upper-limb (such as fixed contractures, severe joint deformities, shoulder subluxation).
Severe sensory deprivation, visual neglect, or inattention that interferes with completion of the task or the ability to engage in motor imagery.
Uncontrolled seizures, severe cardiovascular instability, or any other contraindication to imagery.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- PETTLEP-based Action Observation and Motor Imagery (AOMI)
- Cognitive and Somatic Control Tasks