his study will test whether giving dexamethasone through a vein can improve pain control after total hip replacement surgery. Dexamethasone is commonly used to reduce nausea and may also help with pain, but it is not clear which dose works best. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive either no dexamethasone, 4 mg, or 8 mg, in addition to standard anesthesia and a nerve block (PENG block). The main goal is to see how long patients go without needing additional pain medication after surgery. The study will also look at pain levels, use of opioid painkillers, nausea and vomiting, blood sugar levels, and possible side effects.
Age ≥ 18 years
Scheduled for elective total hip arthroplasty (THA)
Planned use of regional anesthesia including PENG block
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III
Known hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or any component of the study medication
Chronic corticosteroid therapy or use of systemic steroids within 14 days prior to surgery
Active systemic infection or sepsis
Significant immunosuppression (e.g., chemotherapy, biological therapy)