Metabolic Obesity in Normal Weight (MONW): Diagnostic Markers Stud

Metabolically Obese Normal Weight (MONW) represents a phenotype affecting individuals with a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) but characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation. This condition is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction, yet remains underdiagnosed.

This observational longitudinal study aims to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between excessive adipose tissue deposition, endothelial dysfunction, and asprosin concentrations in young women. The study will recruit 176 healthy women aged 18-35 years with normal BMI (\<25 kg/m²). Participants will be divided into two groups based on body fat percentage (PBF) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): the MONW group (PBF ≥ 35.78%) and the Control group (PBF \< 35.78%).

The specific objectives of the study include:

* Assessment of vascular endothelial function using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. * Evaluation of asprosin as a novel biomarker in the MONW phenotype. * Analysis of biochemical indices including asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and von Willebrand factor (vWF). * Advanced metabolomic profiling to identify metabolic signatures.

Participants will undergo anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis (DXA), and blood sampling for biochemical and hormonal analyses. The study aims to develop predictive models for early cardiovascular risk detection in normal-weight individuals.