Mitigating Chronic Respiratory Disease Through the Lens of Multi-Morbidity

The investigators aim to make it easier to find people with undiagnosed long-term lung health problems (such as asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, collectively called 'Chronic Respiratory Diseases', CRDs) living in Brasil.

Because people with undiagnosed CRDs often have other medical problems too, such as heart problems, high blood pressure and diabetes (collectively called 'Long Term Conditions', LTC), the investigators will look for undiagnosed CRD in people with LTC when they are attending appointments at local health centres in the cities of Sao Carlos and Sao Paulo.

To look for undiagnosed CRDs the investigators will use two questionnaire-based methods called 'COLA' and 'SBQ'. These are quick and simple to do. All participants will also have tests of their lung function completed including spirometry and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide so that the investigators can make a definite diagnosis of CRDs. When the study is complete, the investigators will examine how well the COLA and SBQ questionnaires perform in identifying people with a definite diagnosis of CRD.

In total, the investigators aim to recruit 859 people.