About this trial
This mother-infant cohort study aims to determine the geographic differences in the microbial profiles in breast milk from mothers living in Malaysia and China that are potentially important determinants of infant development. It also aims to determine the impact of gut microbiome on infant health (temperament, gastrointestinal symptoms, eczema symptoms, and asthma symptoms).
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Pregnant women aged between 18 and 45 years old
Pregnant women who attend the antenatal check-up at the selected clinics/hospitals
Pregnant women with the gestational age of less than 12 weeks
Pregnant women who plan to attend post-natal check-ups for at least one year at the same clinic/hospital
Disqualifiers
Pregnant women who are diagnosed with immune deficiency
Pregnant women who have a multiple pregnancy and preterm delivery (<37 weeks)
Pregnant women who plan to move out of the study area in the next one year
Pregnant women with fetal/newborn with congenital abnormalities
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- No intervention - mother-infant cohort study
Treatment groups
Sponsors and collaborators
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Lead sponsor
Guilin University of Technology, China
Collaborator
National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing
Collaborator