About this trial
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the first to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a multi-target TMS protocol targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC), left inferior parietal lobule (L-IPL), and right orbitofrontal cortex (R-OFC) for negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Outpatients or inpatients at the Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center;
Meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for first-episode schizophrenia (diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, SCID-5); disease duration less than 5 years at enrollment;
Male or female aged 16-45 years;
Education duration ≥ 9 years;
Disqualifiers
Current or lifetime psychiatric disorders as determined by SCID-5 assessment;
Severe or unstable physical illnesses, including: neurological disorders (delirium, dementia, stroke, epilepsy, migraine, etc.), congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, malignant tumors, and immunocompromised conditions;
Alcohol abuse within 30 days prior to the study or alcohol/drug dependence within 6 months prior to the study; participation in any clinical trial within 30 days prior to baseline;
Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)