Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Early detection and timely intervention are critical to modify disease trajectory, particularly in adolescents and young adults. Emerging evidence supports the role of the gut-kidney axis in CKD progression, whereby intestinal dysbiosis contributes to systemic inflammation and accumulation of microbiota-derived uremic toxins. This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate whether a multimodal intervention consisting of a controlled diet, structured exercise, and a symbiotic administered for 180 days improves uremic toxin burden, systemic inflammation, and early renal outcomes compared with standard care plus placebo.
Persistent albuminuria (ACR >30 and <300 mg/g).
Estimated GFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m².
No identifiable secondary cause of kidney disease.
Hypoalbuminemia.
Nephrotic syndrome.
Persistent macroalbuminuria (ACR >300 mg/g).
Secondary or hereditary kidney disease.