Neoadjuvant Anti-PD-1 Plus Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes and identify predictors of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy in locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this single-center cohort study, we are aiming to (1) evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and survival benefits on patients with locally advanced resectable ESCC (cT3-4aN0-1M0); (2) evaluate the value of genomic indicators including MMR alternation status in predicting therapeutic responses and prognosis; (3) evaluate the value of transcriptomic indicators including B cell lineage features in predicting therapeutic responses and prognosis; (4) evaluate the value of microbial and metabolite indicators in predicting therapeutic responses and prognosis. Whole exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, 16S rRNA sequencing and Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) of samples of patients to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy before and after treatment are performed to explore the mechanisms of drug resistance and identification of predictive and prognosis biomarkers.