About this trial
The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test the effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation in treating adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency compared to vergence/accommodative therapy. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Can non-invasive brain stimulation shorten the treatment time of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy for convergence insufficiency? 2. Is non-invasive brain stimulation alone just as effective as office-based vergence/accommodative therapy in treating convergence insufficiency?
The investigators hypothesize that non-invasive brain stimulation will shorten the treatment time from 12 weeks to 8 weeks of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy and that non-invasive brain stimulation alone would be equally effective as office-based vergence/accommodative therapy in improving symptomatic convergence insufficiency.
Participants will be randomized into one of three treatment groups:
1. Non-invasive brain stimulation with office-based vergence/accommodative therapy. 2. Sham stimulation with office-based vergence/accommodative therapy. 3. Non-invasive brain stimulation only.
Researchers will compare baseline measurements of near point of convergence (NPC) and positive fusional vergence (PFV) to post-treatment measurements for each group.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Best-corrected visual acuity of > 20/25 in each eye at distance and near
Exophoria at near at least 4∆ greater than at far
Receded near point of convergence of > 6 cm break
Insufficient positive fusional vergence at near (< 15∆ base-out blur or break)
Disqualifiers
Previously treated for convergence insufficiency with home- or office-based vergence/accommodative therapy
Amblyopia (> 2-line difference in best-corrected visual acuity between the two eyes)
Constant strabismus
History of strabismus surgery
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Anodal-Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
- Office-Based Vergence/Accommodative Therapy
- Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation