Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a significant complication of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) to the skull base. The use of tissue sealants such as fibrin glue (Tisseel) or synthetic agents (PEI/PEG) is widespread in surgical practice, however, recent high-quality evidence challenges their clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness. This study aims to investigate whether the routine use of sealants in patient with peri-operatively assessed low CSF leak risk, significantly improves outcomes over no sealant use, to guide more cost- effective, evidence-based closure strategies. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first randomized clinical trial to evaluate the necessity and comparative effectiveness of fibrin and synthetic sealants versus no sealant in preventing postoperative CSF leaks following endoscopic endonasal surgery in low-post operative CSF leak risk patients.
Age ≥ 18 years
Scheduled for endoscopic endonasal surgery involving standard skull base reconstruction
Informed written consent obtained prior to enrollment
Hemodynamic and electrolyte stability before surgery
Revision surgery or extended endoscopic approaches requiring complex reconstruction (e.g., clival or cribriform defects)
Tumors requiring complex sella reconstruction from the start
Preoperative hydrocephalus
Known allergy to fibrin-based or synthetic sealant components