Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by the abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchi, leading to recurrent respiratory infections, chronic cough, and significant morbidity. The disease has gained increasing recognition due to its rising prevalence and the substantial burden it places on healthcare systems .
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of nutritional status in managing chronic respiratory diseases, including bronchiectasis. Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with bronchiectasis, particularly those experiencing frequent exacerbations. It has been shown that underweight patients have lower lung function and may face worse clinical outcomes compared to those with normal weight . Specifically, a study found that underweight individuals had a significantly lower forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) compared to their normal-weight counterparts, indicating a direct correlation between nutritional status and respiratory function .
*Age*: Adults aged 18 years and older.
Diagnosis*: Confirmed diagnosis of bronchiectasis, as established by clinical evaluation and imaging studies (e.g., chest CT scan).
Acute Exacerbation*: Patients presenting with acute exacerbation symptoms, such as increased sputum production, worsening dyspnea, or chest pain.
Nutritional Assessment*: Patients identified as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition based on the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) or similar nutritional screening tools.
*Cognitive Impairment*: Patients with cognitive impairments that affect their ability to participate in the study or adhere to nutritional recommendations.
Current Enteral Feeding*: Patients receiving enteral nutrition or those with a feeding tube.