To define the frequency of monoclonal-X and polyclonal-X tumors in hyperparathyroid disorders patients having PTX and to define the relationship between parathyroid tumor clonal status and multiple gland neoplasia (MGN), we will compare surgical and pathologic outcomes to tumor clonal status in a multicenter cohort of patients having bilateral neck exploration (BNE) and PTX (primary objectives).
1. Diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism (primary, secondary, or tertiary), biochemically confirmed (e.g., serum calcium and/or intact PTH consistent with the underlying etiology), and undergoing clinically indicated management
Female and male patients
Age ≥ 18 years
Ability to understand and willingness to sign an IRB approved written informed consent document (or that of legally authorized representative, if applicable).
Patients with a history of cervicofacial irradiation.
Patients currently taking lithium or with a history of lithium use.
Pregnant patients