To examine the impact of various administration routes of dexmedetomidine in conjunction with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca block (FIB) on emergence agitation (EA) during the postoperative recovery period after hip replacement surgery.
age between 18 and 65 years, with no restriction on gender
diagnosis of hip joint disease necessitating hip arthroplasty
ASA grade I-II
no significant cardiopulmonary, hepatic, or renal dysfunction prior to the operation
patients allergic to or with contraindications to ropivacaine or dexmedetomidine
patients exhibiting symptoms of agitation or delirium prior to the procedure
patients with severe central or peripheral nervous system disorders
patients with coagulation disorders or receiving anticoagulant therapy