Concussion and depression have long been recognized to be intertwined pathologies.1-3 Although female athletes are more likely to suffer from mental health symptoms than males athletes following a concussion,2 research in this area has been largely biased toward males.4 Recently functional MRI (fMRI) studies5 in concussed athletes have established that there are patterns of local alterations in neural connectivity in the frontal cortex that demonstrate anatomic congruency with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies that mapped alternations in neural connectivity to functional and somatic symptoms.6 Thus, there is potential that TMS treatment could decrease both symptom profiles, revolutionizing comorbid treatment options. Possible Benefits:
Previous studies have showed a 70% remission rate for depression symptoms. It is possible that participants could have improvement in depressive or concussive symptoms after the ONE-D TMS treatment.
Female athletes, both recreational and professional
ages 18-65 years old
Concussion as determined by clinical history (at least 72 hours post-diagnosis) and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) score above 7 OR more than 4 total symptoms present
Depression as determined by Patient Health Questionnaire - (PHQ-9) score of 10 or greater indicating moderate depression or greater
Pregnant or breast-feeding individuals
History of seizures or epilepsy
Implanted devices (such as cochlear implants, brain stimulators, aneurysm clips or stents)
Participants undergoing treatment with ototoxic medications (aminoglycosides, cisplatin)