The interdental papilla, a small wedge of gingival tissue positioned between adjacent teeth, plays a crucial role in both dental esthetics and oral function. Loss or deficiency of the papilla results in the formation of "black triangles," which not only compromise a patient's smile but also lead to challenges such as food impaction, phonetic difficulties, and increased risk of periodontal disease. The reconstruction of the interdental papilla is recognized as one of the most challenging procedures in periodontal therapy, particularly when aiming for enhanced esthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction
Age 20-55 years
Nordland and Tarnow Class I/II papillary loss
Good oral hygiene (FMPS & FMBS <20%)
Systemically healthy
Smoking
Periodontal pockets >4 mm in the target site
History of systemic diseases or medications affecting healing
Pregnant or lactating women
shaimaa hamdy
Lead sponsor
Minia University
Sponsor institution