This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter Phase III trial to compare the efficacy and safety of remestemcel-L-rknd (remestemcel-L), ex-vivo cultured adult human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), combined with ruxolitinib vs. ruxolitinib combined with placebo as second-line therapy in adult patients with Grade III-IV steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD).
Age 18 years or older at the time of enrollment.
Able to take oral medications
Have Grade III-IV SR-aGVHD at the time of enrollment, defined as aGVHD resistant to high dose corticosteroids at a dose of ≥ 1 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone (or equivalent), given alone or in combination with GVHD prophylaxis agents such as CNI, mTOR inhibitor, or MMF.
The minimum time between the initiation of high-dose corticosteroids and enrollment is 3 days if aGVHD has progressed in at least one organ regardless of improvement in other organs, OR
Underwent second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation within six months from the first transplant.
Received systemic treatment for aGVHD other than corticosteroids +/- agents used for aGVHD prophylaxis (e.g., CNIs, mTOR inhibitor, and/or MMF).
Respiratory disease requiring continuous positive pressure ventilation or intubation. Patients who need intermittent continuous positive airway pressure (e.g., during sleep) are eligible.
Any underlying or current medical or psychiatric condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with the evaluation of the patient.