Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP (, a key tool that is used in diagnosis and treatment of pancreato-biliary diseases. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common and serious complication that can occur following this procedure and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. A variety of patient-related and procedure-related factors have been associated with higher rates of PEP.
Age more than 18 years old.
Gender: Males and Females
Patients with suitable indications for ERCP due to suspected pancreato-biliary disorders.
Blood amylase and lipase levels before ERCP are within the normal limits.
Age of less than18 years.
Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM)
Severe bleeding tendency
Impaired renal function (serum creatinine > 2 mg/dL), (creatinine clearance <30 ml/min)