About this trial
The main goal of this clinical trial is to test benefits of completing online pain coping skills training program in women who have been diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer, who have completed their primary cancer treatment, who are taking an AI medication, and who have arthralgia. Arthralgia is a type of joint, bone, and muscle pain that is a common side effect of AI medications. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Whether online pain coping skills training reduces the severity of pain and the interference it causes in women's daily lives. 2. Whether online pain coping skills training improves emotional distress, quality of life, and adherence to AI medications. 3. Whether benefits of online pain coping skills training are at least partially caused by women's increased confidence that they can manage their pain and a reduction in unhelpful thinking patterns about pain. 4. Whether online pain coping skills training improves effects of AI medications on sleep problems and symptoms of menopause like hot flashes and night sweats.
Participants can complete all parts of the study at home. They will:
1. Complete four sets of questionnaires throughout the study, which will take about 9 to 10 months. 2. Attend 3 meetings in the first month of the study, all of which can be held via a video conference. 3. Use an electronic pill bottle to track their use of their AI medication. 4. Be randomized (like flipping a coin) to one of two study arms: They will either receive education about AIs and arthralgia or they will receive this education along with access to an online pain coping skills training program.
Research will compare the education group to the education plus online pain coping skills training group to see if online pain coping skills training has the benefits mentioned above.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Female sex
Aged 18 years old or older
Diagnosed with Stage 0-III hormone receptor positive breast cancer
Completed primary cancer treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy)
Disqualifiers
Evidence of metastatic disease
Other active cancer (with the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer)
Completed chemotherapy or radiation therapy less than four weeks prior to enrollment (these treatments can cause temporary exacerbation of musculoskeletal symptoms that typically resolve spontaneously)
Completed surgery less than 8 weeks prior to enrollment (because surgery can cause temporary post-surgical pain that typically resolves in this period of time); minor surgeries may be allowed more recently than 8 weeks at the discretion of the study team
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Online Pain Coping Skills Training
BehavioralThe intervention is completed online, using a personal computer, tablet computer, or smartphone. It includes 8 interactive sessions, each of which teaches users a different pain coping skill. Participants are asked to practice these skills in their daily lives to manage pain and pain-related symptoms and problems. Each session takes 35 to 45 minutes to complete. Participants can take breaks during the sessions and review them at any time after completing them.
Education
Other interventionParticipants will receive their usual medical care and an educational booklet with information about Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs), side effects they cause including painful arthralgia, methods for managing arthralgia, and tips for talking with doctors about arthralgia and other AI side effects.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain severity subscale
We will calculate the mean of the four items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate more severe pain. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain severity.
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain interference subscale
We will calculate the mean of the seven items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate greater interference. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain interference.
Secondary outcomes
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain severity subscale
We will calculate the mean of the four items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate more severe pain. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain severity.
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain severity subscale
We will calculate the mean of the four items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate more severe pain. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain severity.
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain interference subscale
We will calculate the mean of the seven items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate greater interference. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain interference.
Change in Brief Pain Inventory pain interference subscale
We will calculate the mean of the seven items on this subscale, as recommended by the scale's developers, to yield a score ranging from 0 to 10; higher scores indicate greater interference. Analyses will examine group differences in change in pain interference.
Other outcomes
Change in Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale Pain Management Subscale
Using standard scoring procedures, we will calculate the mean of responses to this subscale's 5 items to yield a total score ranging from 10-100, where higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy for managing chronic pain. Analyses will examine change in pain self-efficacy.
Change in Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale Pain Management Subscale
Using standard scoring procedures, we will calculate the mean of responses to this subscale's 5 items to yield a total score ranging from 10-100, where higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy for managing chronic pain. Analyses will examine change in pain self-efficacy.
Change in Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale Pain Management Subscale
Using standard scoring procedures, we will calculate the mean of responses to this subscale's 5 items to yield a total score ranging from 10-100, where higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy for managing chronic pain. Analyses will examine change in pain self-efficacy.
Change in Pain Catastrophizing Scale
Using standard scoring methods, we will sum responses for the 13 items on this scale to yield a score ranging from 0-52, where higher scores indicate greater pain catastrophizing. Analyses will examine change in pain catastrophizing from baseline; change from baseline to post-intervention (follow up 1) will also be examined as a potential mediator of changes in pain severity and interference.
Sponsors and contacts
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Northwestern University
Lead sponsor
Duke University
Collaborator
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Collaborator