Purpose:The aim of this study is to determine the intrathecal Bupivacaine concentration(0.5% vs 0.75%) with better anesthesia and little hemodynamic disturbance during cystoscopic procedures.In comparing these bupivacaine concentrations ,the result would be expected to enhance safer spinal anesthesia practices ,minimizing the use of vasopressors in urological surgeries.OBJECTIVE:To compare and analyze the frequency and average chages of post spinal hemodynamic instability in terms of hypotension and bradycardia with 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 0.55 hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients presenting for cystoscopic procedures.
Patients aged 18-80 years. American society of Anesthesiologist(ASA) physical status I-II. Sceduled for elective cystoscopic procedures under spinal anesthesia.
Patient refusal. Contraindication to spinal anesthesia(e.g coagulopathy ,infection at injection site).