This study aims to evaluate whether adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine-based periarticular infiltration (PAI) improves postoperative pain control in patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR). Despite standard pain management, many patients continue to experience moderate-to-severe pain after surgery. Dexmedetomidine, a sedative and analgesic agent, may help prolong the effect of local anaesthetics. A total of 60 patients will be randomly assigned to receive either ropivacaine alone or ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine. Pain scores, opioid use, side effects, and recovery time will be monitored for 24 hours. The goal is to determine if this method is more effective and safer for improving recovery after knee surgery.
Aged ≥18 years
Undergoing elective unilateral total knee replacement
ASA physical status I-III
No known allergy to local anaesthetics or dexmedetomidine
Known allergy to study drugs
Chronic pain or neurological conditions
Bilateral or revision TKR
Significant deformity affecting function