This trial aims to compare two intraoperative fluids, namely hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and balanced crystalloids in terms of major adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery. Indications for the study fluids administarion include preload augmentation and intravascular volume replacement during cardiac surgery.
Patients aged 19 years or older scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), heart valve surgery, and/or thoracic aortic surgery
Emergency surgery;
Planned implantation of a durable left ventricular assist device;
History of starch allergy or hypersensitivity;
History of kidney transplantation;