The goal of the clinical trial was to see if Metoprolol was effective in treating patients with heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It will also learn about the safety of Metoprolol. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Did Metoprolol reduce the frequency of all-cause deaths and re-hospitalizations in subjects? What medical problems do participants experience after taking Metoprolol? The researchers will compare different doses of Metoprolol to see the best dose for Metoprolol.
Participants will:
Take Metoprolol 23.75mg/ day or the maximum tolerable dose of Metoprolol daily for 24 months.
Regular outpatient follow-up visits to the research center. Their symptoms and Metoprolol dosage were recorded.
A definite diagnosis of HFrEF (LVEF≤40%), NYHA II to IV , and the disease is due to ischemic heart disease or dilated cardiomyopathy;
A definite diagnosis of COPD with moderate or higher airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% of the expected value);
Age ≥18 years old;
Informed consent has been obtained and signed.
the dose of Metoprolol before enrollment was more than 23.75mg/d;
Resting heart rate < 50 beats/min;
Second or third degree atrioventricular block;
Atrial fibrillation;