RIC Allo-HSCT vs. Venetoclax-Based Consolidation in Elderly AML Patients After First CR

Elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often face unfavorable prognostic factors such as multiple comorbidities, adverse cytogenetic profiles, and pre-existing hematological disorders. The long-term survival rate remains very low, with a 5-year survival rate of only 5% to 10%. The introduction of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (Ven) has improved the induction remission rates in elderly patients. However, the question of whether to use chemotherapy maintenance or proceed with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for post-remission consolidation therapy remains unclear due to the lack of prospective controlled studies. Therefore, our center plans to conduct a prospective, open-label, two-arm, non-randomized, single-center study to further explore the optimal consolidation treatment strategy for elderly AML patients at intermediate and high risk following induction complete remission (CR).