This study aims to develop and validate a preoperative predictive scoring system for surgical outcomes in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing prostate surgery (including but not limited to transurethral resection of the prostate, laser enucleation, photoselective vaporization, or robot-assisted simple prostatectomy).
It is a multicenter retrospective study involving patients from four hospitals in China. Preoperative multidimensional objective indicators, including clinical data, prostate MRI parameters, and urodynamic measurements, will be collected. The primary outcome is a favorable surgical response defined by a postoperative-to-preoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ratio ≤ 0.5 at 6 months after surgery.
Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and bootstrap internal validation will be used to construct and evaluate the scoring system. The goal is to provide an objective, individualized tool for optimizing surgical decision-making in BPH patients.
- Postoperative pathological diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Completion of pelvic or prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plain scan within 1 month before surgery
Completion of urodynamic study within 1 month before surgery
Completion of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) both before and after surgery
- Concomitant prostate cancer or other malignancies
Prior prostate surgery or pelvic radiotherapy
Severe cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, or renal insufficiency precluding tolerance of surgery
Intraoperative or postoperative severe complications affecting efficacy assessment