This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a procedure manual-based simulation training program in improving the core competencies of operating room nurses in a Cambodian national hospital. Operating room nurses play a critical role in maintaining patient safety, assisting the surgical team, and ensuring efficient surgical workflow.
This study will use a single-group quasi-experimental pre-post design. Baseline data will be collected before the intervention to assess operating room nurses' core competencies, interprofessional collaboration, job satisfaction, and surgical procedure duration.
Participants will receive structured educational sessions and simulation-based training based on standardized surgical procedure manuals. After the training phase, nurses will implement the procedure manuals during real surgical procedures for six weeks. End-line data will be collected to evaluate improvements in competency levels, teamwork, job satisfaction, and surgical efficiency.
Registered nurses who are appointed to work in the intraoperative phase of Cambodia-China Friendship Preah Kossamak Hospital.
Registered nurses at Cambodia-China Friendship Preah Kossamak Hospital who are willing to participate in the study.
Registered Nurses Cambodia-China Friendship Preah Kossamak Hospital who are unable to participate in intervention requirements.
Registered Nurses Cambodia-China Friendship Preah Kossamak Hospital who are scheduled to participate in hospital mission assignments.
Single group
Procedure Manual-Based Simulation Training
BehavioralThe intervention consists of a simulation training program of procedure manuals focused on two surgical procedures: Total Hip Replacement (THR) and Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS). Training Phase (2 weeks): Participants attend two sessions (one per procedure). Each session includes a 1-hour lecture and 2 hours of hands-on simulation practice. Self-Study: Participants are provided with a digital E-manual for continuous review. Implementation Phase (6 weeks): Participants apply the standardized procedure manuals in real surgical settings with follow-up support from the research team.
Core Competencies of Operating Room (OR) Nurses
Measured using a 20-item researcher-developed intraoperative core competency scale. It uses a five-point Likert scale (1: never to 5: always). The total score ranges from 20 to 100, where a higher score indicates a higher level of nursing competency in the operating room.
Interprofessional Collaboration
Measured by the Relational Coordination Survey (RCS). This 7-item tool uses a five-point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 7 to 35, where a higher score represents better collaboration between surgeons, anesthetists, and nurses.
Job Satisfaction
Measured by the Short Index of Job Satisfaction (SIJS). This 5-item tool uses a five-point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 5 to 25, where a higher score indicates greater job satisfaction among OR nurses.
Surgical Outcome
Mean duration of the total time from "skin incision" to "skin closure" for the targeted procedures (Total Hip Replacement and Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery).
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