Re-ablation of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Pulmonary vein re-isolation plus Vein of Marshall ethanol ablation in combination with block of mitral and tricuspid isthmuses and dome line will be compared to pulmonary vein re-isolation alone in patients undergoing re-ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation in this investigator initiated, randomized, patient-assessor blinded multicenter trial. Patients are followed with standard ECG at 3 months, with standard ECG, 5-days' ECG monitoring and quality of life assessment after 12 months, with standard ECG and quality of life assessment after 24 months, through patient files at 60 months after the ablation.

Primary endpoint: Change in AFEQT score between baseline and 12 months.