Research on Ultrasound Diagnostic Criteria for Intracranial and Extracranial Arterial Serial Stenosis

This study utilized different hemodynamic parameters of transcranial color-coded Doppler (TCCD) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) to conduct ultrasonic grading evaluation on middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis severity in patients with severe extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis, as well as intracranial V4 segment stenosis severity in patients with severe vertebral artery (VA) origin stenosis. The aim was to establish ultrasonic diagnostic criteria and provide reference basis for clinical treatment decision-making. Clarify the distribution of stroke risk factors, establish and evaluate stroke risk identification and prediction models. Patient cohort: Individuals undergoing carotid artery stenting or vertebral artery stenting, including those with either 1) severe extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis combined with ipsilateral MCA tandem stenosis, or 2) unilateral severe vertebral artery origin stenosis combined with intracranial V4 segment tandem stenosis. Collected data included demographic information, vascular ultrasound findings, and imaging examination results. All patients underwent a 1-year follow-up investigation documenting follow-up vascular ultrasound results, laboratory test results, imaging findings, clinical symptoms (ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, hemorrhagic stroke), and occurrence of endpoint events.