The goal of this Cluster Randomised, controlled trial (CRT, with two parallel groups pre- and post-test design) is to evaluate the potential effects of the self-management and exercise programme (SMEP) for older adults living with chronic knee pain which is delivered using mobile instant messaging application. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Are there any change in pain, physical function, mental well-being, the risk of fall, health belief and self-efficacy and quality of life after the intervention is carried out at week 5? 2. Are there any significance difference in pain, physical function, mental well-being, the risk of fall, health belief and self-efficacy and quality of life between the experimental and control group at baseline and week 5. 3. What are the factors related to the adherence to programme within 5 weeks it is delivered. 4. What are the factors that facilitates or inhibits the implementation process of the programme
Selected clusters will be randomized into either experimental or control group. The experimental group will receive the self-management and exercise programme, which will be delivered using mobile messaging application, twice per week for five weeks. In addition, the experimental group will also continue their Elderly Day Care Centre routine activities. On the other hand, the control group will continue their Elderly Day Care Centre routine activities only
Self-report of having the pain for more than 6 months.
Able to meet programme requirement - screening via KNEST and PAR-Q.
Owning a smartphone, tablet, or computer with an internet connection and WhatsApp application; and being able to use the device without assistance.
Independently mobile either with or without a walking aid.
Knee replacement / lower limb arthroplasty.
Intraarticular injections within the past six months.
Significant musculoskeletal issues (e.g. inflammatory arthritis, connective tissue diseases, fibromyalgia, severe osteoporosis, peripheral neuropathy, or gout).
Unstable medical or psychiatric conditions.