This study aims to evaluate the impact of different extubation strategy on the occupancy time of operating room (OR) and the incidence of adverse events and quality of recovery after robotic-assisted surgery. The investigators hypothesize that extubation in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) may reduce OR occupancy time without increasing adverse events or worsening quality of recovery early after robotic-assisted surgery. This strategy may enhance perioperative efficiency while maintaining clinical safety.
Aged ≥18 years;
Scheduled to undergo elective robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia;
Expected tracheal extubation during daytime working hours (before 4:00 PM).
Refuse to participate in the study;
Morbid obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m²);
Preoperatively diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, or patients with a STOP-Bang score ≥3 in combination with serum bicarbonate (HCO₃-) ≥28 mmol/L;
Patients at high risk of difficult airway (anticipated difficult intubation and/or extubation during preoperative assessment);