The goal of this observational study is to study the relationship between cognitive problems and problems in eye movements in Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
The main questions it aims to answer are:
* What is the correlation between eye movement parameters (VDI AUC and VDI Pv/Am, left and right) and SDMT scores in patients with MS? * What is the number of patients with VDI AUC\>1.174 and/or VDI Pv/Am\>1.180 assessed by infrared oculography during prosaccades at 15 degrees left or right? * What is the correlation between eye movement parameters (VDI AUC and VDI Pv/Am, left and right) and cognitive test scores in patients with MS?
Participants will perform specific cognitive tests and eye movements will be measured through infrared oculography.
The primary hypothesis for the study is: participants who exceed the treshold (VDI AUC\>1.174 and/or VDI Pv/Am\>1.180, left or right) will perform worse on cognitive tests compared to those who don't.
Diagnosed with clinically definite multiple sclerosis according to the 2017 McDonald criteria
At least 18 years old
Combined vision with optimal correction > 0,6 on Snellen Visual Acuity Test.
Providing informed consent.
Major medical or psychiatric pathology that potentially affects cognitive functioning.
A score higher than 63 on the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions is categorized as severe fatigue
Start or switch in immunomodulatory treatment within three months before inclusion.
Less than 3 months post exacerbation.
MS patients recruited from the neurology department of UZ Brussels and NMSC Melsbroek in Belgium
Cohort
Cross-sectional
Infrared oculography
Diagnostic testEye movements will be captured through infrared oculography and processed via in-house algorithms.
Correlation between eye movement parameters and SDMT.
Correlation between eye movement parameters (VDI AUC and VDI Pv/Am, left and right) and SDMT scores in patients with MS.
Number of patients with eye movement abnormalities assessed by infrared oculography
The number of patients with VDI AUC\>1.174 and/or VDI Pv/Am\>1.180 assessed by infrared oculography during prosaccades at 15 degrees left or right.
Correlation between eye movement parameters and cognitive test scores.
The cognitive tests used to asses this correlation include the following: the PASAT (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task), the CVLT-II (California Verbal Learning Test-II) and the BVMT-R (Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised). The correlation between eye movement parameters parameters (VDI Pv/Am and VDI AUC, left and right), and cognitive test scores will be analyzed through Spearman correlation analysis.
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