The thoracic erector spinae plane (ESP) block is suggested to potentially affect the stellate ganglion, a key component of the sympathetic nervous system, thereby influencing autonomic functions. Changes in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) are used as indicators of intracranial pressure changes. This study aims to investigate the effects of the ESP block on ONSD, providing insights into its impact on the stellate ganglion and enhancing the understanding of the ESP block's safety and efficacy.
Adults with neck, shoulder, and arm pain
Those with complex regional pain syndrome
Age between 18-65 years
Both genders
Those who refuse procedures and tests
Individuals with conditions that can increase intracranial pressure
Those with severe heart failure
Individuals with second or third-degree atrioventricular block