About this trial
The goal of this retrospective observational study is to quantify the impact of team collaboration on work efficiency in operating room and patient safety outcomes in non-cardiac surgical teams. The main purpose is to answer:
How does team collaboration affect work efficiency in operating room and patient safety outcomes during/after surgery? The data will be obtained from the Hospital Electronic Medical Record Information System, participants already finished all the planned surgeries.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
All elective surgeries for adults (age ≥18 years)
Disqualifiers
Surgeries in which patient demographics (age, gender), ASA grade, procedure details, and positional data were unattainable
Cardiac surgical procedures (with a fixed surgical team)
Operations under non-intubated general anesthesia or intravenous anesthesia (primarily diagnostic procedures not requiring close multidisciplinary collaboration)
Surgical cases with missing data on pre-anesthesia preparation time, anesthesia induction time, and surgical procedure duration
Trial population
The study population includes elective surgical patients who underwent procedures at Zhongda Hospital Southeast University between January 1, 2016, and March 31, 2025, and their respective surgical team members.
Trial design
Cohort
Retrospective
Treatments tested in this trial
Surgical team familiarity
Other interventionSurgical team familiarity: the degree of collaboration within the surgical team is statistically described based on data regarding team personnel and composition, which is used to calculate the Intraoperative Familiarity Score (IFS)-the core component of this study. The specific methodology includes IFS=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6…)/ N N=nCr=n!/r!(n-r)! Here, X represents the number of times a pair of team members has worked together over a specified period (this process is repeated for all possible pairings in the team), and N is the total number of possible pairwise combinations in the team.
Composition and Dynamics of the Surgical Team
Other interventionBasic indicators reflecting surgical team personnel and composition: 1. Number of surgical, anesthesia, and nursing team members participating in procedures: are obtainable via the Anesthesia Information Management System (AIMS). 2. Shift changes among surgical, anesthesia, and nursing teams during individual procedures: can be tracked through the AIMS. 3. Gender ratio within surgical, anesthesia, and nursing teams: will be derived from the Hospital Information System (HIS)."
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Surgical Team Efficiency
The primary outcome measure of this study is surgical team efficiency, which is represented by three time intervals: pre-anesthesia preparation time (from patient entry into the operating room to anesthesia initiation), anesthesia induction time (from anesthesia initiation to surgery start), and surgical duration (from surgery start to surgery end). These intervals are calculated in minutes using the anesthesia information management system (AIMS), with timestamps recorded in the anesthesia record form within AIMS for the following key events: patient arrival in the operating room, anesthesia initiation, surgery start, surgery conclusion, anesthesia end and patient exit from the operating room.
Secondary outcomes
Blood loss
The total volume of blood loss during the procedure,measured in milliliters (mL) .
Duration of PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) stay
From admission to discharge from the PACU recorded in minutes/hours
Unplanned ICU admission within 24 hours post-surgery
Number of postoperative ICU admissions
Locations
Sponsors and contacts
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