A varicocele is an abnormal dilatation and tortuosity of the veins of the spermatic cord. Although varicoceles are common in the general population and are frequently found on routine physical examinations, they represent the most common correctable cause of male factor infertility.
Male factor infertility affects up to half of all couples struggling to conceive, and 10-20% of men evaluated for infertility are found to be azoospermic.
Men with non obstructive azoospermia.
Clinically palpable varicocele ( unilateral or bilateral ).
Known cases of obstructive azoospermia.
Non palpable varicocele.
Uncorrectable female causes of infertility.
genetic abnormalities like klinefelter syndrome.