The aim of this study was to determine the effect of abdominal massage and warm application on the excretory activity (time of first bowel sounds, defecation time and the amount of laxative used until discharge) after total knee replacement surgery performed with spinal anesthesia.
Written and verbal permission was obtained to participate in the study,
18 years of age or older,
Conscious, oriented and cooperative,
Speaks and understands Turkish,
Written and verbal permission to participate in the research could not be obtained,
Under 18 years of age,
Unconscious, disoriented and uncooperative,
Can speak Turkish but cannot understand it,
Ayşe Demirtaş
Lead sponsor
Mersin University
Sponsor institution