Adolescence is a critical period for spinal growth, and progression of thoracic hyperkyphosis may lead to pain, weak trunk muscles, sleep disturbances, and reduced quality of life. This study aims to investigate the effects of three-dimensional exercise program based on the Schroth Method on trunk muscle endurance, thoracic kyphosis angle, pain, sleep quality and quality of life in adolescents aged 12-18 years with hyperkyphosis.
Adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age
Presence of thoracic kyphosis with a T3-T12 Cobb angle ≥45° measured on a lateral thoracic radiograph
Sufficient physical and cognitive ability to actively participate in the exercise protocol for at least 3 months
Adequate communication and cognitive capacity to understand the educational materials provided
Scoliosis with a Cobb angle >10° in the coronal plane
Presence of structural spinal deformities such as vertebral fracture, spondylolisthesis
History of previous spinal surgery
Neuromuscular disorders that may affect the spine (e.g., cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy)