It has been estimated that alcohol causes around 40% of premature liver deaths in Europe each year, although this number is probably underestimated. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and liver death in Europe with a peak age of deaths occurring among individuals aged 40 to 50. Despite these findings, ALD is little studied with only 5% of all clinical trials in the field of liver disease recorded on ClinicalTrials.gov and only 5% of all publications in the same research area.
Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death (15-20% survival at 5 years) and the second most common cause of alcohol-related cancers worldwide.
Like other complex diseases, ALD-HCC results from the interaction between environmental determinants and genetic variations but knowledge of gene-environment interactions is currently lacking in this area. The GENIAL project will address these needs through a comprehensive evaluation of gene-environment interactions concerning ALD-HCC.
Diagnosis of NAFLD or cryptogenic liver disease, allowing a more liberal alcohol intake limit (<60/40 g/day in M/F), so that subjects with a moderate alcoholic component of the hepatopathy are also included, Important factor given the high epidemiological weight of this group
Male patient with type 2 diabetes or obesity carrying at least three genetic variants in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, MBOAT7.
Willingness to sign informed consent.
Alcohol intake >60/40 g/day in M/F
Chronic viral or autoimmune hepatitis
Any previously diagnosed liver genetic disease associated with increased risk of HCC (such as hereditary hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency)
Use of drugs known to induce steatosis and liver disease