The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the influence of parasympathetic transmission from the brain to different metabolic organs. This transmission can be blocked with the muscarinic antagonist atropine.
Participants will undergo an oral glucose tolerance test combined with a double tracer dilution technique either with atropine infusion or placebo.
Healthy individuals and high-risk individuals will be compared to identify possible changes in signaling in high-risk groups. In addition, men and women will be included to take into account possible sex differences.
Age: at least 18
BMI: 20 - 24.9 kg/m2 (for the healthy groups) or more than 28 kg/m2 (for the overweight groups)
For women: Hormonal contraception with a single-phase preparation (e.g. Nuvaring)
Understanding and voluntarily signing an informed consent form prior to study-related examinations
Drug and/or alcohol abuse
smoking
Taking medication that affects blood sugar or addresses the central and/or autonomic nervous system (e.g. anti-epileptic drugs, beta blockers, dopamine agonists, antidepressants). Taking antihistamines.
Pre-existing cardiac conditions