About this trial
This project comprises two studies; a cross-sectional study and a prospective study.
1. The cross-sectional study aims to develop and validate a new sport-specific test battery (PROMs, analytical and physical performance tests) in healthy tennis players and swimmers.The construct validity of this upper extremity test battery will be examined through two different methods.
1. Firstly, the performance on the test battery will be correlated to sport performance (sprint time at 100m freestyle in swimming and serve speed/accuracy in tennis) 2. Secondly, the correlation between test battery performance and upper limb/trunk kinematics in a tennis serve (measured via inertial measurement units (IMUs)) will be examined. 2. In the prospective study, the predictive validity of the test battery will be evaluated. Healthy swimmers and tennis players will be tested at baseline using the same test battery as mentioned above. The athletes will be followed for one year and new injuries will be recorded via a weekly questionnaire. Performance on the test battery will be associated with the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
In good general health
Play tennis or swim competitively, at least 3 hours per week (training + competition)
Disqualifiers
History of shoulder dislocation in dominant and/or nondominant shoulder
History of upper extremity surgery
At the moment of participation, participants should not report a substantial injury (defined by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre questionnaire on health problems) in the past two months. A substantial injury is defined as a moderate or severe reduction in training volume or reduction in sports performance or complete inability to participate in sport as substantial injuries and illnesses.
Neurological symptoms in any extremity
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Physical performance test - Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST)
- Physical performance test - modified Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (m-CKCUEST)
- Physical performance test - Seated Seated Single Arm Shot Put Test (SSASPT)
- Physical performance test - Upper Limb Rotation Test (ULRT)
- Physical performance test - Shoulder endurance test (SET)
- Physical performance test - Posterior shoulder endurance test (PSET)
- Analytical test - Shoulder Strength
- Analytical test - Hand Grip Strength
- Analytical test - Shoulder Range of Motion (ROM)
- PROM - Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score (KJOC-SES)
- PROM - Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2)
- PROM - General elf-efficacy scale (GSES).