About this trial
This study aims to evaluate the effect of scalp block timing-whether administered preoperatively or postoperatively-on postoperative recovery quality in patients undergoing craniotomy. The recovery quality will be assessed using the validated Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaire. A total of 60 patients, aged 18-80 years, classified as ASA I-III and with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15 upon admission to the recovery unit, will be enrolled. The primary outcome is the QoR-40 score. Secondary outcomes include hemodynamic changes and pain intensity measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Patients aged between 18 and 80 years.
Scheduled for craniotomy under general anesthesia.
ASA physical status classification I to III.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15 at the time of emergence from anesthesia.
Disqualifiers
Chronic use of analgesic medications prior to surgery.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score below 15 postoperatively.
Allergy or hypersensitivity to local anesthetics or opioids used in the study.
Contraindications for scalp block or patient-controlled analgesia.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Early Scalp Block Group
- Late Scalp Block Group