ASCVD

The primary goal of this clinical trial is to test the hypothesis that the drug canakinumab (anti-IL-1B monoclonal antibody) decreases vascular inflammation when used by people with a history of coronary artery disease, including those with and without clonal hematopoiesis driven by mutations in TET2.

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo parallel controlled study to evaluate the preliminary efficacy, safety, and PopPK profile of ABP-745 in patients with ASCVD. Efficacy of ABP-745 in reducing atherosclerotic plaque compared with placebo will be evaluated in participants with ASCVD. The primary efficacy measurement will be assessed at 52W of treatment.

The goal of this observational study is to learn if a non-contact facial scan using artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to check health status in adults living in urban areas such as Jakarta. The facial scan uses a method called remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), which measures small changes in blood flow from the face using a camera. The main questions this study aims to answer are: 1. How close are the results from the facial scan to standard medical measurements, such as heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels? 2. Can the facial scan estimate other health indicators, such as blood sugar, lipid profile, HbA1c, and hemoglobin levels? 3. Is there a relationship between the facial scan results and mental health, such as stress, anxiety, and depression? Participants will take part in several simple and mostly non-invasive procedures: 1. Answer questionnaires about their mental health and daily habits 2. Have basic health checks, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and body measurements 3. Provide a blood sample for laboratory testing 4. Complete a facial scan using a camera for about 1 to 3 minutes Researchers will compare the results from the facial scan with standard clinical and laboratory tests to see how well the technology works. This study may help develop a simple and accessible screening tool that can be used for early detection of health risks. It may also support the use of digital health and telemedicine in community and clinical settings.

The goal of the ADHERE-ASCVD study is to evaluate and optimize patient-facing messaging strategies to improve statin refill and adherence among adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or diabetes. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do different outreach methods (such as text messages, secure portal messages, or email) increase short-term statin refill compared to usual care? 2. Among patients who do not initially refill their prescription, does changing the outreach method improve refill rates? The team with operational partners will evaluate the comparitive effectivessness of multiple messaging strategies delivered through existing health system communication channels, including SMS (text messaging), secure patient portal messages, non-secure email, and usual care (no additional outreach). Participants * Receive an initial outreach message encouraging statin refill (or usual care) Be monitored for statin refill within 14 days * Potentially receive a second outreach message using the same or a different communication method if they do not initially refill their prescription * Have their medication refill patterns tracked over time, including longer-term adherence outcomes

PRECIDENTD is a randomized, open label, pragmatic clinical trial designed to compare rates of the total number of cardiovascular, kidney, and death events among two alternative treatments for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and either established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or at high risk for ASCVD. To accomplish this objective, we will randomly assign 6,000 patients with established T2D and ASCVD or high-risk for ASCVD in a 1:1 allocation to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). Participants will be followed for the occurrence of the trial primary endpoint of the total (first and recurrent) number of episodes of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, arterial revascularization, hospitalization for heart failure, development of end-stage kidney disease, kidney transplantation, and mortality, counting all events from randomization until end of study.

This project is studying whether a team-based specialty clinic can help people with type 2 diabetes and heart disease better manage their blood pressure and cholesterol. The clinic includes coordinated care from heart doctors, kidney doctors, diabetes specialists, and liver doctors. The study will compare two groups of patients: one receiving usual care from their primary care provider, and one referred to the Duke Cardiometabolic Prevention Clinic for multidisciplinary care. The main goals are to find out if this clinic improves blood pressure and cholesterol control over 12 months, increases use of recommended heart medications, and reduces hospital visits and other healthcare use. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Those referred to the clinic will: 1) Meet with a cardiologist for an initial evaluation. 2) Be referred to other specialists (such as endocrinology, nephrology, or hepatology) based on their needs. 3) Receive ongoing, coordinated care from a team of specialists working together to improve their heart and metabolic health.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a group of disorders sharing atherosclerosis as a common pathological basis, primarily affecting the heart, brain, kidneys, and other peripheral arteries, leading to clinical syndromes characterized mainly by arterial ischemia. It has become the group of diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Patients with very high-risk ASCVD face an even greater risk of recurrence. Previous studies have discovered that remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has protective effects on major organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. Given the cardiorenal and cerebrovascular protective effects of RIC, the invesitgators believe that long-term remote ischemic conditioning is a promising approach to preventing the recurrence of ASCVD events. Based on this hypothesis, the investigators have designed a prospective, multicenter cohort study with blinded outcome assessment to investigate the protective effects of long-term remote ischemic conditioning in very high-risk ASCVD populations.

The goal of this implementation trial is to learn if providing education to doctors and patients who have had a heart event works to prevent future heart problems. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does educating the doctors in a health system improve how often patients in the hospital for a heart event have their cholesterol checked? 2. Can a "care champion" who calls patients who have been discharged from the hospital after a heart event help patients to achieve their cholesterol goals? Researchers will compare the number of people who achieve their cholesterol goals with the help of the care champion to the number of people who did so without the intervention to see if the care champion works to help patients lower their cholesterol. Participants will: Complete two 15 minute surveys over the phone - 1 at enrollment and 1 at the end of the study 6 months later.

The AVOID-DM trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized study comparing the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) between two cholesterol-lowering strategies in patients with prediabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The study evaluates pitavastatin plus ezetimibe combination therapy versus high-intensity statin monotherapy (rosuvastatin 20 mg). Enrolling 2,000 non-diabetic participants with ASCVD, subjects are randomized 1:1 into the two treatment arms. The primary outcome is the incidence of new-onset DM over a follow-up period of up to 36 months. Secondary outcomes include cardiovascular events, changes in LDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, HbA1c, and insulin resistance. This trial hypothesizes that the combination therapy will achieve LDL targets with a lower risk of new-onset DM compared to high-intensity statin monotherapy.

This randomized study is to assess LDL-C reductions at Week 12 with monthly (Q4W \[≤31 days\]) dosing of HST101 (lerodalcibep) 300 mg administered subcutaneously (SC) compared to placebo in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or very-high/high risk for ASCVD including Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) on a stable diet and oral LDL-C lowering drug therapy, followed by 36-week open-label treatment with subsequent 4-week follow-up for total 52-week long-term safety and efficacy evaluation.

Significant individual differences may lead to differences in patients' responses to drug therapy and lead to an increased incidence of adverse reactions. However, there are currently very limited data on the genetic variation of the NPC1L1 gene in the Chinese population. In view of the important role of NPC1L1 gene polymorphism in cholesterol absorption, lipid profile, coronary heart disease prevalence and ezetimibe response, it is necessary to focus on the allele frequency analysis of NPC1L1 gene polymorphism in the Chinese population, and to further explore the therapeutic response of NPC1L1 gene polymorphism and Hybutimibe. With reference to previous domestic and foreign literature reports and HapMap project (http://hapmap.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/)SNP) distribution, this study selected NPC1L1 gene loci with relatively in-depth clinical research. rs2072183, rs4720470, rs2073547 were analyzed. The minimum allele frequency (MAF) of the above loci were all greater than 10%, and it has been confirmed that genetic variation exists between different diseases and different races, which may affect the lipid profile , the risk of coronary heart disease and the response to hybomaib treatment. However, the variability of rs2072183 in response to Hybutimibe needs to be further verified, and the effects of rs4720470 and rs2073547 gene polymorphisms on drug response also need to be targeted. In order to further determine the correlation between the distribution of NPC1L1 polymorphism and the efficacy and safety of Hybutimibe, we conducted this study to observe the distribution frequency of NPC1L1 gene polymorphisms at rs2072183, rs4720470 and rs2073547 in high-risk/extremely high-risk ASCVD patients. To explore the correlation between NPC1L1 gene polymorphisms and the efficacy and safety of Hybutimibe combined with moderate-intensity statins in the treatment of high-risk/very high-risk ASCVD patients. This is the first time to explore the distribution of NPC1L1 polymorphism in high/very high risk ASCVD population in China, which will provide genetic evidence for the correct use of Hybutimibe and moderate intensity statin therapy, and provide further evidence-based medical evidence for the distribution of NPC1L1 polymorphism and the efficacy and safety of Hybutimibe.