Attrition

Attrition and user engagement are two challenges that eHealth interventions struggle with. Attempts to address this have been previously made through gamification, instructional design and using different types of incentives. Overall, any type of reward, be it non-financial or monetary is better than the controls, but the latter usually produce a greater effect. It is also worth mentioning that having an affective value attached to the reward itself is also important to user retention and engagement. Given the ever-increasing interest in cryptocurrency and its current relevance, the present study - a randomized clinical trial with three arms - aims to compare cryptocurrency to non-monetary rewards regarding their effectiveness in reducing attrition and increasing engagement. In order to do this, a mental-health computerized intervention will be developed, in which the users will have to complete several modules, during which time they will be rewarded either with cryptocurrency, sweepstake rewards (e.g., vouchers), or nothing.

The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of tooth wear (All forms of cumulative surface loss of mineralized tooth substance loss due to physical and chemico-mechanical process according to the definition of the European Organization for Caries Research (ORCA) and the International Cariology Research Group for Dental Research (IADR) i.e.: attrition, erosion and abrasion) among middle aged adult patients attending educational hospital at the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University and to analyze the distribution of lesions by gender and age, frequency of acidic foods and drinks consumption, medicine usage, chewing habits, systemic diseases, tooth brushing habits, and family socio economic status. Moreover, to evaluate the quality of life among middle aged elderly patients in relation to existence of tooth wear. The study focuses on middle-aged adult patients (31-45 years) attending the Faculty of Dentistry at Cairo University during 2025-2026. It is an analytical cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk level of tooth wear using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination Index (BEWE). The BEWE categorizes tooth wear into four levels (0 = no wear, 3 = severe wear), and risk levels are determined by the cumulative score. Primary outcome: the prevalence of tooth wear and associated risk levels. Secondary outcomes: identifying predictive risk factors and assessing the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for patients diagnosed with tooth wear. All participants will be examined, and those with a BEWE score above 0 will be considered affected. Risk levels will be stratified as no risk, low, medium, or high.