Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

The vagina is a dynamic muscular organ whose health relies on a Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota that maintains low pH and protects against infections. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal imbalance in women of reproductive age, caused by depletion of protective Lactobacillus species and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis. BV affects an estimated 23-29 percentage of women globally (10-30 percentage in India) and is associated with discharge, odor, discomfort, and significant risks including recurrent disease, adverse reproductive outcomes, and increased susceptibility to STIs. Although antibiotics are effective for acute treatment, recurrence rates are high (50-60 percentage within 12 months), highlighting an unmet need for preventive strategies. Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus species, have emerged as promising options to restore vaginal microbiota balance and reduce BV recurrence. Lactobacillus gasseri is a natural vaginal commensal with antimicrobial activity against BV pathogens and the ability to lower vaginal pH. L. gasseri KABP®064 has demonstrated vaginal colonization after oral administration, good tolerability, and potential to promote vaginal health. The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral L. gasseri KABP®064 in preventing BV recurrence over six months following standard antibiotic therapy. Outcomes include recurrence rates and timing, symptom severity, microbiological balance, inflammation markers, and patient-reported vaginal health, supporting a microbiome-focused, non-antibiotic approach to BV recurrence prevention.

The goal of this study is to evaluate how treatment with FB301 affects the balance of vaginal bacteria in women (aged 18-45) with bacterial vaginosis after pre-treatment with either a vaginal antiseptic wash (chlorhexidine), an oral antibiotic (metronidazole), or both. The main question it aims to answer is: Does treatment with FB301, with or without pre-treatment using a vaginal antiseptic (chlorhexidine) or an oral antibiotic (metronidazole), change the balance of vaginal bacteria, measured by the proportion of two key bacteria (Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensenii), between the start of treatment and follow-up visits over the next 10 weeks? Researchers will compare participants randomly assigned to 4 different groups: * Group 1 will receive FB301for 15 days with the antibiotic (metronidazole) for the first seven days. In the next menstrual cycle, they will receive just FB301 for an additional 15-days. * Group 2 will receive FB301for 15 days. On the first day only, they will first undergo a vaginal cleanse with chlorhexidine (antiseptic solution). In the next menstrual cycle, they will receive just FB301 for an additional 15-days. * Group 3 will receive FB301for 15 days with the antibiotic (metronidazole) for the first seven days. On the first day only, they will first undergo a vaginal cleanse with chlorhexidine (antiseptic solution). In the next menstrual cycle, they will receive FB301 for an additional 15-days following a vaginal cleanse with chlorhexidine (antiseptic solution) on the first day only. * Group 4 will receive just FB301for 15 days. In the next menstrual cycle, they will receive just FB301 for an additional 15-days. Participants will: * Attend the study centre for up to 6 visits * Provide vaginal swab samples at up to 6 visits * Provide vaginal secretion samples using a menstrual disc at up to 4 visits * Have blood samples taken at up to 6 visits * Receive the study treatments for the randomly assigned group over two consecutive menstrual cycles.

This clinical trial is looking at how well and safely the vaginal administration of Vagitab-T works . Vagitab-T is already on the market in several countries in Europe as a medical device. The main goals of this trial are to see if the recurrence rate of bacterial vaginosis goes down during the study, if it helps balance the altered vaginal flora during antibiotic treatment, if it improves vaginal secretions, and if vaginal microflora return to normal. We'll also ask the participants about their quality of life and whether they think the treatment is safe. All 30 women will get the same treatment, and there's no comparison group. They'll be treated with Vagitab-T vaginal tablets for three monthly cycles. Also, metronidazole will be taken at the start of the study for seven days. Participants will sign an informed written consent and we'll visit them at the start (day 0) and end (day 90) of the study. In addition, we'll call them during each of the three cycles of treatment.

This study is a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) aimed at evaluating the effects of Lactobacillus sp. probiotic administration on the vaginal microbiota changes in postmenopausal women with bacterial vaginosis and how its affect to immunology profile. Postmenopausal women diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis will be recruited as subjects as long as collected period in this study. All patients will receive Metronidazole antibiotic treatment then blind-randomly be divided into two groups: the treatment group, receiving Floragyn® probiotic tablets (Lapi, Indonesia), and the placebo group, receiving Cal 95® (Lapi, Indonesia). As a control, postmenopausal women without bacterial vaginosis will also be included and receive Floragyn® probiotic tablets only.