Biofeedback Training

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is defined by the International Continence Society as the complaint of involuntary leakage of urine during physical exertion, including sports activities, or during sneezing or coughing. In continent women, an automatic response-namely, a reflex pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction, also known as pre-contraction-occurs either prior to or during physical exertion. Although there is strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in the treatment of SUI, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative exercise-based interventions. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) is a manual and rehabilitative approach developed by Professor Pavel Kolar. It is grounded in the scientific principles of developmental kinesiology and aims to optimize the function of the movement system. Currently, DNS is successfully employed in the rehabilitation of various neurological, musculoskeletal, pediatric, and sports-related injuries. DNS incorporates the subconscious and synergistic activation of the deep core muscles responsible for intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) regulation and spinal stability-namely, the diaphragm, transversus abdominis, multifidus, and pelvic floor muscles-as well as the global musculature. Considering the potential mechanisms of DNS, we hypothesize that DNS exercises, through IAP regulation directed toward the pelvic cavity and contributing to stabilization, could serve as an effective and innovative approach for women with SUI. The hypotheses of this study are as follows: H1.1: DNS is as effective as PFMT in reducing urinary symptoms in women with SUI. H1.2: DNS is as effective as PFMT in improving PFM function in women with SUI.

This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of visual biofeedback training on visual function and quality of life in individuals with glaucoma. Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy that can lead to irreversible vision loss, including impaired fixation stability, reduced retinal sensitivity, and decreased functional vision. Biofeedback training is a visual rehabilitation technique designed to help patients improve fixation stability and optimize use of remaining visual function by training eye movements toward retinal areas with better sensitivity. Seventy participants with glaucoma will be randomized to either a biofeedback training intervention group or a control group. Visual function outcomes, including fixation stability, retinal sensitivity, visual acuity, reading speed, contrast sensitivity, and quality of life, will be assessed at baseline and follow-up visits. This study aims to determine whether biofeedback training can improve visual function and quality of life in patients with glaucoma.